Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrakjaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

*þrekkaz

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terǵ-, *(s)terḱ-, *(s)treḱ- (“manure, dung; to sully, soil, decay”); see Latin stercus (“dung, manure”) for more.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθrɑk.jɑz/

Noun

*þrakjaz m^[1]

dirt

Inflection

Declension of *þrakjaz (masculine ja-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*þrakjaz	þrakjōz, þrakjōs
vocative	*þraki	þrakjōz, þrakjōs
accusative	*þrakją	*þrakjanz
genitive	þrakjas, þrakis	*þrakjǫ̂
dative	*þrakjai	*þrakjamaz
instrumental	*þrakjō	*þrakjamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *þraki
- Old English: þreahs, þreax
- Old Frisian: threkk
  - >? Saterland Frisian: Dräk (possibly borrowed from Low German)
  - >? West Frisian: drek (possibly borrowed from Dutch)
- Old Saxon: *threkk
  - Middle Low German: dreck
    - German Low German: Dreck
- Old Dutch: *threc
  - Middle Dutch: drec
    - Dutch: drek
      - Afrikaans: drek
- Old High German: threc (in compound mūsthrec)
  - Middle High German: drëc
    - Cimbrian: drèkh
    - German: Dreck
      - → Czech: drek
      - → Kashubian: drëk
      - → Serbo-Croatian: дре̏к (drȅk)
      - → Slovene: drȅk
    - Luxembourgish: Dreck
    - Yiddish: דרעק (drek)
      - → English: dreck, drek
      - → Russian: дрек (drɛk)
Old Norse: þrekkr
- Faroese: trekkur
- Icelandic: þrekkur
- Old Swedish: thrækker
  - Swedish: träck
- Old Danish: træk
  - Danish: dræk (possibly borrowed from Middle Low German)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*þrekkaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 425

[HGE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*þrekkaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 425

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