Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þrawaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *trowH-o-s, from *trewh₁- (“to endure, suffer”); see the related *þrawō (“longing, suffering”) for more.^[1]

Older theories compared the word to Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to rub, grind”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθrɑ.wɑz/

Adjective

*þrawaz

stubborn, obstinate

Inflection

Declension of *þrawaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*þrawaz	*þrawō	*þrawą, -atō	*þrawai	*þrawôz	*þrawō
accusative	*þrawanǭ	*þrawǭ	*þrawą, -atō	*þrawanz	*þrawōz	*þrawō
genitive	*þrawas, -is	*þrawaizōz	*þrawas, -is	*þrawaizǫ̂	*þrawaizǫ̂	*þrawaizǫ̂
dative	*þrawammai	*þrawaizōi	*þrawammai	*þrawaimaz	*þrawaimaz	*þrawaimaz
instrumental	*þrawanō	*þrawaizō	*þrawanō	*þrawaimiz	*þrawaimiz	*þrawaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*þrawô	*þrawǭ	*þrawô	*þrawaniz	*þrawōniz	*þrawōnō
accusative	*þrawanų	*þrawōnų	*þrawô	*þrawanunz	*þrawōnunz	*þrawōnō
genitive	*þrawiniz	*þrawōniz	*þrawiniz	*þrawanǫ̂	*þrawōnǫ̂	*þrawanǫ̂
dative	*þrawini	*þrawōni	*þrawini	*þrawammaz	*þrawōmaz	*þrawammaz
instrumental	*þrawinē	*þrawōnē	*þrawinē	*þrawammiz	*þrawōmiz	*þrawammiz

Derived terms

*þrawą
*þrawōną

Descendants

Old Norse: þrár
- Icelandic: þrár
- → Middle English: thro, thra
  - English: thro

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þrawō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 545-6: “*þrawa-”

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þrawō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 545-6: “*þrawa-”

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