Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þunguz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *téngʰ-u-s ~ *tn̥gʰ-éw-s (“heavy; to pull back”), cognate with Lithuanian tingùs (“heavy”), Old Church Slavonic тѧжькъ (tęžĭkŭ, “idem”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈθun.ɡuz/

Adjective

*þunguz (comparative *þungizô, superlative *þungistaz)

  1. (North Germanic) heavy

Inflection

Declension of *þunguz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *þunguz *þungī *þungų, *-jatō *þungijai *þungijôz *þungijō
accusative *þungijanǭ *þungijǭ *þungų, *-jatō *þungijanz *þungijōz *þungijō
genitive *þungijas, *þungīs *þungijaizōz *þungijas, *þungīs *þungijaizǫ̂ *þungijaizǫ̂ *þungijaizǫ̂
dative *þungijammai *þungijaizōi *þungijammai *þungijaimaz *þungijaimaz *þungijaimaz
instrumental *þungijanō *þungijaizō *þungijanō *þungijaimiz *þungijaimiz *þungijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *þungijô *þungijǭ *þungijô *þungijaniz *þungijōniz *þungijōnō
accusative *þungijanų *þungijōnų *þungijô *þungijanunz *þungijōnunz *þungijōnō
genitive *þungīniz *þungijōniz *þungīniz *þungijanǫ̂ *þungijōnǫ̂ *þungijanǫ̂
dative *þungīni *þungijōni *þungīni *þungijammaz *þungijōmaz *þungijammaz
instrumental *þungīnē *þungijōnē *þungīnē *þungijammiz *þungijōmiz *þungijammiz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: þungr
    • Icelandic: þungur
    • Faroese: tungur
    • Norwegian: tung
    • Swedish: tung
    • Danish: tung

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þungu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 551
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