Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-wintruz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Derived from the noun *wintruz (“winter, year”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈwin.truz/

Suffix

*-wintruz

  1. years old
  2. years lasting

Reconstruction notes

  • Adjectives with this suffix were used both attributively (*twalifwintruz maguz = “twelve-year-old boy”) and predicatively (*maguz twalifwintruz isti = “the boy is twelve years old”).

Declension

Declension of *-wintruz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *-wintruz *-wintrī *-wintrų, *-jatō *-wintrijai *-wintrijôz *-wintrijō
accusative *-wintrijanǭ *-wintrijǭ *-wintrų, *-jatō *-wintrijanz *-wintrijōz *-wintrijō
genitive *-wintrijas, *-wintrīs *-wintrijaizōz *-wintrijas, *-wintrīs *-wintrijaizǫ̂ *-wintrijaizǫ̂ *-wintrijaizǫ̂
dative *-wintrijammai *-wintrijaizōi *-wintrijammai *-wintrijaimaz *-wintrijaimaz *-wintrijaimaz
instrumental *-wintrijanō *-wintrijaizō *-wintrijanō *-wintrijaimiz *-wintrijaimiz *-wintrijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *-wintrijô *-wintrijǭ *-wintrijô *-wintrijaniz *-wintrijōniz *-wintrijōnō
accusative *-wintrijanų *-wintrijōnų *-wintrijô *-wintrijanunz *-wintrijōnunz *-wintrijōnō
genitive *-wintrīniz *-wintrijōniz *-wintrīniz *-wintrijanǫ̂ *-wintrijōnǫ̂ *-wintrijanǫ̂
dative *-wintrīni *-wintrijōni *-wintrīni *-wintrijammaz *-wintrijōmaz *-wintrijammaz
instrumental *-wintrīnē *-wintrijōnē *-wintrīnē *-wintrijammiz *-wintrijōmiz *-wintrijammiz

Derived terms

Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-wintruz
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twalifwintruz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *-wintrī
    • Old English: -wintre
      • Middle English: -winter
  • Old Norse: -vetr
    • Icelandic: -vetur
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: -vet m (in tvivet, tovet)
  • Gothic: -𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐍃 (-wintrus)
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