Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *bakkōþi ~ *bakunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *bʰəg-nā́-ti ~ *bʰəg-un-ánti, iterative to *bakaną (“to bake”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɑk.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*bakkōną[1]

  1. to bake, fry

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *bakk- against *bak-.

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bakkō *bakkǭ — *bakkōi ?
2nd singular *bakkōsi *bakkōs *bakkō *bakkōsai *bakkōsau
3rd singular *bakkōþi *bakkō *bakkōþau *bakkōþai *bakkōþau
1st dual *bakkōs *bakkōw — — —
2nd dual *bakkōþiz *bakkōþiz *bakkōþiz — —
1st plural *bakkōmaz *bakkōm — *bakkōnþai *bakkōnþau
2nd plural *bakkōþ *bakkōþ *bakkōþ *bakkōnþai *bakkōnþau
3rd plural *bakkōnþi *bakkōn *bakkōnþau *bakkōnþai *bakkōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bakkōdǭ *bakkōdēdį̄
2nd singular *bakkōdēz *bakkōdēdīz
3rd singular *bakkōdē *bakkōdēdī
1st dual *bakkōdēdū *bakkōdēdīw
2nd dual *bakkōdēdudiz *bakkōdēdīdiz
1st plural *bakkōdēdum *bakkōdēdīm
2nd plural *bakkōdēdud *bakkōdēdīd
3rd plural *bakkōdēdun *bakkōdēdīn
present past
participles *bakkōndz *bakkōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *bakkōn
    • Old Saxon: *bakkōn
      • Middle Low German: backen (weak verb)
    • Old Dutch: *baccon
      • Middle Dutch: backen (weak verb)
        • Dutch: bakken
          • Afrikaans: bak
          • Berbice Creole Dutch: baki
          • Negerhollands: bak
          • →? Aukan: baka
          • → Caribbean Hindustani: báká kare
          • →? Saramaccan: báka
          • →? Sranan Tongo: baka
    • Old High German: backōn
      • Middle High German: backen
        • German: backen (the weak conjugation)
  • Old Norse: baka

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bak(k)ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 49
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