Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bellaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to sound; roar; bark”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbel.lɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*bellaną[1][2]

  1. to roar, bark, bellow
  2. to ring

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bellō *bellaų — *bellai ?
2nd singular *billizi *bellaiz *bell *bellazai *bellaizau
3rd singular *billidi *bellai *belladau *belladai *bellaidau
1st dual *bellōz *bellaiw — — —
2nd dual *belladiz *bellaidiz *belladiz — —
1st plural *bellamaz *bellaim — *bellandai *bellaindau
2nd plural *billid *bellaid *billid *bellandai *bellaindau
3rd plural *bellandi *bellain *bellandau *bellandai *bellaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *ball *bullį̄
2nd singular *ballt *bullīz
3rd singular *ball *bullī
1st dual *bullū *bullīw
2nd dual *bulludiz *bullīdiz
1st plural *bullum *bullīm
2nd plural *bullud *bullīd
3rd plural *bullun *bullīn
present past
participles *bellandz *bullanaz

Descendants

  • Old English: bellan
    • Middle English: bellen
  • Old Saxon: *bellan
  • Old Dutch: *bellan
  • Old High German: bellan

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bellan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 58
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*bellanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41
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