Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dawjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Often compared with Proto-Indo-European *dʰew- (to flow; to die), and *dʰweh₂-, but Kroonen prefers to connect it with Hittite [script needed] (tuḫḫušzi, to end), from *dʰuH-.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*dawjaną[1]

  1. to die

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 6 j-present)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *dawjō *dawjaų *dawjai ?
2nd singular *dawisi *dawjais *dawi *dawjasai *dawjaisau
3rd singular *dawiþi *dawjai *dawjaþau *dawjaþai *dawjaiþau
1st dual *dawjōs *dawjaiw
2nd dual *dawjaþiz *dawjaiþiz *dawjaþiz
1st plural *dawjamaz *dawjaim *dawjanþai *dawjainþau
2nd plural *dawiþ *dawjaiþ *dawiþ *dawjanþai *dawjainþau
3rd plural *dawjanþi *dawjain *dawjanþau *dawjanþai *dawjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *dōw *dōwį̄
2nd singular *dōwt *dōwīz
3rd singular *dōw *dōwī
1st dual *dōwū *dōwīw
2nd dual *dōwudiz *dōwīdiz
1st plural *dōwum *dōwīm
2nd plural *dōwud *dōwīd
3rd plural *dōwun *dōwīn
present past
participles *dawjandz *dawanaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *dauwjan
    • Old English: *dīeġan
      • Middle English: deyen, deȝen, dien, deien, digen, degen, deghen, deȝen
        • English: die, dye (obsolete)
          • Vietnamese: đai
        • Geordie English: dee
        • Scots: de, dee, dey
        • Yola: dee
    • Old Frisian: deia, deja
    • Old Saxon: dōian
      • Middle Low German: doeien
        • Low German: döen (archaic)
    • Old Dutch: *douwen, *dōien
    • Old High German: touwen, tewen
      • Middle High German: touwen, töuwen
  • Old Norse: deyja
    • Middle English: deyen
    • Icelandic: deyja
    • Faroese: doyggja
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: døy, døya
    • Dalecarlian:
      • Mora: däja
      • Elfdalian: däia, däa
    • Old Swedish: dø̄ia
    • Old Danish: dø̄
      • Scanian: dǿja
      • Danish:
        • Norwegian Bokmål:
    • Old Gutnish: doyia
      • Gutnish: dåie, dåi, doä

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*daujan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 90