Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dwēsaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Compare *dusāną (“to slumber”); also Latvian dusēt (“to sleep, rest”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdwɛː.sɑz/

Adjective

*dwēsaz(West Germanic)

  1. foolish, stupid
    Synonym: *stuntaz

Inflection

Declension of *dwēsaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *dwēsaz *dwēsō *dwēsą, -atō *dwēsai *dwēsôz *dwēsō
accusative *dwēsanǭ *dwēsǭ *dwēsą, -atō *dwēsanz *dwēsōz *dwēsō
genitive *dwēsas, -is *dwēsaizōz *dwēsas, -is *dwēsaizǫ̂ *dwēsaizǫ̂ *dwēsaizǫ̂
dative *dwēsammai *dwēsaizōi *dwēsammai *dwēsaimaz *dwēsaimaz *dwēsaimaz
instrumental *dwēsanō *dwēsaizō *dwēsanō *dwēsaimiz *dwēsaimiz *dwēsaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *dwēsô *dwēsǭ *dwēsô *dwēsaniz *dwēsōniz *dwēsōnō
accusative *dwēsanų *dwēsōnų *dwēsô *dwēsanunz *dwēsōnunz *dwēsōnō
genitive *dwēsiniz *dwēsōniz *dwēsiniz *dwēsanǫ̂ *dwēsōnǫ̂ *dwēsanǫ̂
dative *dwēsini *dwēsōni *dwēsini *dwēsammaz *dwēsōmaz *dwēsammaz
instrumental *dwēsinē *dwēsōnē *dwēsinē *dwēsammiz *dwēsōmiz *dwēsammiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *dwās
    • Old English: dwǣs
    • Old Frisian: dwēs
    • Old Saxon: *dwās
      • Middle Low German: dwâs
        • Low German: dwas
    • Old Dutch: *dwās
      • Middle Dutch: dwâes
        • Dutch: dwaas
        • Limburgish: dwaos
    • Old High German: *dwās, *twās
      • Middle High German: twās, dwās

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “dwesa”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 112
  2. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “dwaas”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
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