Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/faihaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸɑi̯.xɑz/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“to be angry, hostile, evil; enemy”).^[1]

Adjective

*faihaz

hostile, criminal

Inflection

Declension of *faihaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*faihaz	*faihō	*faihą, -atō	*faihai	*faihôz	*faihō
accusative	*faihanǭ	*faihǭ	*faihą, -atō	*faihanz	*faihōz	*faihō
genitive	*faihas, -is	*faihaizōz	*faihas, -is	*faihaizǫ̂	*faihaizǫ̂	*faihaizǫ̂
dative	*faihammai	*faihaizōi	*faihammai	*faihaimaz	*faihaimaz	*faihaimaz
instrumental	*faihanō	*faihaizō	*faihanō	*faihaimiz	*faihaimiz	*faihaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*faihô	*faihǭ	*faihô	*faihaniz	*faihōniz	*faihōnō
accusative	*faihanų	*faihōnų	*faihô	*faihanunz	*faihōnunz	*faihōnō
genitive	*faihiniz	*faihōniz	*faihiniz	*faihanǫ̂	*faihōnǫ̂	*faihanǫ̂
dative	*faihini	*faihōni	*faihini	*faihammaz	*faihōmaz	*faihammaz
instrumental	*faihinē	*faihōnē	*faihinē	*faihammiz	*faihōmiz	*faihammiz

Derived terms

*faihijaną
*faihiþō

Related terms

*faigijaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *faih
- Old English: fāh
  - Middle English: fo
    - English: foe
- Old Frisian: fāch
- Old Dutch: *fēh, *gifēh
  - Middle Dutch: vêe, gevêe
- Old High German: gifēh
  - Middle High German: gevēch, gevē

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *póyḱos, from *peyḱ- (“to mark, color, decorate, embroider”).^[2]

Alternative reconstructions

*faigaz

Adjective

*faihaz

coloured, decorated

Inflection

Declension of *faihaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*faihaz	*faihō	*faihą, -atō	*faihai	*faihôz	*faihō
accusative	*faihanǭ	*faihǭ	*faihą, -atō	*faihanz	*faihōz	*faihō
genitive	*faihas, -is	*faihaizōz	*faihas, -is	*faihaizǫ̂	*faihaizǫ̂	*faihaizǫ̂
dative	*faihammai	*faihaizōi	*faihammai	*faihaimaz	*faihaimaz	*faihaimaz
instrumental	*faihanō	*faihaizō	*faihanō	*faihaimiz	*faihaimiz	*faihaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*faihô	*faihǭ	*faihô	*faihaniz	*faihōniz	*faihōnō
accusative	*faihanų	*faihōnų	*faihô	*faihanunz	*faihōnunz	*faihōnō
genitive	*faihiniz	*faihōniz	*faihiniz	*faihanǫ̂	*faihōnǫ̂	*faihanǫ̂
dative	*faihini	*faihōni	*faihini	*faihammaz	*faihōmaz	*faihammaz
instrumental	*faihinē	*faihōnē	*faihinē	*faihammiz	*faihōmiz	*faihammiz

Derived terms

*faihijaną
*faihį̄
*faihōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *faih
- Old English: fāh, fāg
  - Middle English: fou, fāh, fow, foȝ, fawe
    - Scots: faw
- Old Saxon: fēh
  - Middle Low German: *vê (in compound vêwerk, veewerk)
- Old High German: fēh
  - Middle High German: vēch, vēhe, vē
    - German: Feh; (obsolete) fech, feh
Gothic: *𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃 (*faihs) (in 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃 (filufaihs))

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*faiha- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 123
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*faiha- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 123

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*faiha- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 123

[2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*faiha- 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 123

[1]

[2]