Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flatjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *flataz (“flat”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɸlɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*flatjaną[1]

  1. to flatten, make flat

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *flatjō *flatjaų — *flatjai ?
2nd singular *flatisi *flatjais *flati *flatjasai *flatjaisau
3rd singular *flatiþi *flatjai *flatjaþau *flatjaþai *flatjaiþau
1st dual *flatjōs *flatjaiw — — —
2nd dual *flatjaþiz *flatjaiþiz *flatjaþiz — —
1st plural *flatjamaz *flatjaim — *flatjanþai *flatjainþau
2nd plural *flatiþ *flatjaiþ *flatiþ *flatjanþai *flatjainþau
3rd plural *flatjanþi *flatjain *flatjanþau *flatjanþai *flatjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *flatidǭ *flatidēdį̄
2nd singular *flatidēz *flatidēdīz
3rd singular *flatidē *flatidēdī
1st dual *flatidēdū *flatidēdīw
2nd dual *flatidēdudiz *flatidēdīdiz
1st plural *flatidēdum *flatidēdīm
2nd plural *flatidēdud *flatidēdīd
3rd plural *flatidēdun *flatidēdīn
present past
participles *flatjandz *flatidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *flattjan
    • → Old French: flatir
      • ⇒ Old French: flastrir
      • → Middle English: flatten
  • Old Norse: fletja

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*flatjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 105
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