Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/funkô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Two possibilities have been proposed:

From Proto-Indo-European *ph₂un-, oblique stem of *péh₂wr̥ (“fire”).
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)peng- (“to shine”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸuŋ.kɔːː/

Noun

*funkô m

(West Germanic) spark

Inflection

Declension of *funkô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*funkô	*funkaniz
vocative	*funkô	*funkaniz
accusative	*funkanų	*funkanunz
genitive	*funkiniz	*funkanǫ̂
dative	*funkini	*funkammaz
instrumental	*funkinē	*funkammiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *funkō
- Old English: *funca
  - Middle English: funke, fonke
    - English: funk
    - ⇒? English: spunk (possibly blent with spark)
    - ⇒? Scots: spunk, sponk (possibly blent with spark)
- Old Frisian: *funka
  - Saterland Frisian: Funke
  - West Frisian: fonk, fûnk
- Old Saxon: *funko
  - Middle Low German: vunke
    - German Low German: Funk
    - Low German: Fonk
    - → Danish: funke
    - → Norwegian Bokmål: funke
- Old Dutch: *funko
  - Middle Dutch: vonke
    - Dutch: vonk
    - Limburgish: vónk
- Old High German: funcho, funko, funco
  - Middle High German: vunke
    - German: Funke
    - Luxembourgish: Fonk
    - Yiddish: פֿונק (funk)