Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grippōną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Pre-Germanic *gʰribʰnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to the root of *grīpaną (“to grip”) (though Kroonen considers this form the original, and *grīpaną a back-formation).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɣrip.pɔː.nɑ̃/
Verb
*grippōną
- to grasp
Inflection
The original paradigm likely consisted of two stem variants, *gripp- in the singular and *grib- in the non-singular.
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *grippō | *grippǭ | — | *grippōi | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *grippōsi | *grippōs | *grippō | *grippōsai | *grippōsau | |
| 3rd singular | *grippōþi | *grippō | *grippōþau | *grippōþai | *grippōþau | |
| 1st dual | *grippōs | *grippōw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *grippōþiz | *grippōþiz | *grippōþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *grippōmaz | *grippōm | — | *grippōnþai | *grippōnþau | |
| 2nd plural | *grippōþ | *grippōþ | *grippōþ | *grippōnþai | *grippōnþau | |
| 3rd plural | *grippōnþi | *grippōn | *grippōnþau | *grippōnþai | *grippōnþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *grippōdǭ | *grippōdēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *grippōdēz | *grippōdēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *grippōdē | *grippōdēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *grippōdēdū | *grippōdēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *grippōdēdudiz | *grippōdēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *grippōdēdum | *grippōdēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *grippōdēdud | *grippōdēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *grippōdēdun | *grippōdēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *grippōndz | *grippōdaz | ||||
Related terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*gripp/bōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191