Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grippōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *gʰribʰnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to the root of *grīpaną (to grip) (though Kroonen considers this form the original, and *grīpaną a back-formation).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɣrip.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*grippōną

  1. to grasp

Inflection

The original paradigm likely consisted of two stem variants, *gripp- in the singular and *grib- in the non-singular.

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grippō *grippǭ *grippōi ?
2nd singular *grippōsi *grippōs *grippō *grippōsai *grippōsau
3rd singular *grippōþi *grippō *grippōþau *grippōþai *grippōþau
1st dual *grippōs *grippōw
2nd dual *grippōþiz *grippōþiz *grippōþiz
1st plural *grippōmaz *grippōm *grippōnþai *grippōnþau
2nd plural *grippōþ *grippōþ *grippōþ *grippōnþai *grippōnþau
3rd plural *grippōnþi *grippōn *grippōnþau *grippōnþai *grippōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grippōdǭ *grippōdēdį̄
2nd singular *grippōdēz *grippōdēdīz
3rd singular *grippōdē *grippōdēdī
1st dual *grippōdēdū *grippōdēdīw
2nd dual *grippōdēdudiz *grippōdēdīdiz
1st plural *grippōdēdum *grippōdēdīm
2nd plural *grippōdēdud *grippōdēdīd
3rd plural *grippōdēdun *grippōdēdīn
present past
participles *grippōndz *grippōdaz

Descendants

  • Middle Dutch: grippen
    • (Dutch: gribbelen)
  • Alsatian: grippen (?)
  • (Old Norse: gripla)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*gripp/bōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 191