Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gumbōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *gumpōną

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰemb- (“to hop, jump”).

Verb

*gumbōną

  1. to cause to hop, skip, or bounce; to jolt, push, shove

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *gumbō *gumbǭ — *gumbōi ?
2nd singular *gumbōsi *gumbōs *gumbō *gumbōsai *gumbōsau
3rd singular *gumbōþi *gumbō *gumbōþau *gumbōþai *gumbōþau
1st dual *gumbōs *gumbōw — — —
2nd dual *gumbōþiz *gumbōþiz *gumbōþiz — —
1st plural *gumbōmaz *gumbōm — *gumbōnþai *gumbōnþau
2nd plural *gumbōþ *gumbōþ *gumbōþ *gumbōnþai *gumbōnþau
3rd plural *gumbōnþi *gumbōn *gumbōnþau *gumbōnþai *gumbōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *gumbōdǭ *gumbōdēdį̄
2nd singular *gumbōdēz *gumbōdēdīz
3rd singular *gumbōdē *gumbōdēdī
1st dual *gumbōdēdū *gumbōdēdīw
2nd dual *gumbōdēdudiz *gumbōdēdīdiz
1st plural *gumbōdēdum *gumbōdēdīm
2nd plural *gumbōdēdud *gumbōdēdīd
3rd plural *gumbōdēdun *gumbōdēdīn
present past
participles *gumbōndz *gumbōdaz
  • *gimbaną
    • Old Norse: *gimpa, *gippa
      • Norwegian: gimpe
  • *gumbijaną
    • Proto-West Germanic: *gumbijan, *gumpijan
      • Old High German: *gumpfen, *gupfen
        • Middle High German: gupfen, güpfen
          • German: gupfen

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *gumbōn, *gumpōn
    • Old English: *gumbian, *gumpian
      • >? Middle English: jumpen (alternatively, ultimately from *gimbaną or *gumpijaną)
    • Old High German: *gumbōn, *gumpōn
      • >? Middle High German: gumpen
        • Alemannic German: gumpe
        • German: gumpen
        • → German Low German: jumpen
  • Old Norse: *gumpa, *guppa
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