Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwētaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₁d- (“to stab”).

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈxʷeː.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hwētaną[1][2]

  1. to attack, assault
  2. to stab, pierce

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 7d)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwētō *hwētaų — *hwētai ?
2nd singular *hwētizi *hwētaiz *hwēt *hwētazai *hwētaizau
3rd singular *hwētidi *hwētai *hwētadau *hwētadai *hwētaidau
1st dual *hwētōz *hwētaiw — — —
2nd dual *hwētadiz *hwētaidiz *hwētadiz — —
1st plural *hwētamaz *hwētaim — *hwētandai *hwētaindau
2nd plural *hwētid *hwētaid *hwētid *hwētandai *hwētaindau
3rd plural *hwētandi *hwētain *hwētandau *hwētandai *hwētaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwehwōt *hwehwōtį̄
2nd singular *hwehwōst *hwehwōtīz
3rd singular *hwehwōt *hwehwōtī
1st dual *hwehwōtū *hwehwōtīw
2nd dual *hwehwōtudiz *hwehwōtīdiz
1st plural *hwehwōtum *hwehwōtīm
2nd plural *hwehwōtud *hwehwōtīd
3rd plural *hwehwōtun *hwehwōtīn
present past
participles *hwētandz *hwētanaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hwātan
    • Old English: *hwǣtan
      • ⇒ Old English: āhwǣtan
    • Old High German: wāzan
  • Old Norse: hváta
    • Icelandic: hváta, hvota

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*hwētanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hwētan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 266
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