Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwelpaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Probably a derivative, albeit with irregular phonetic development, of Proto-Indo-European *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”).[1][2]

Alternatively, perhaps from *hwelpaną (“to yelp; bark”), maybe from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to call; shout; cry; make a noise”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxwel.pɑz/

Noun

*hwelpaz m[1]

  1. puppy
  2. used also of other baby animals: cub, pup

Inflection

Declension of *hwelpaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *hwelpaz *hwelpōz, *hwelpōs
vocative *hwelp *hwelpōz, *hwelpōs
accusative *hwelpą *hwelpanz
genitive *hwelpas, *hwilpis *hwelpǫ̂
dative *hwelpai *hwelpamaz
instrumental *hwelpō *hwelpamiz
  • *hwelaną
  • *hwellaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hwelp
    • Old English: hwelp
      • Middle English: whelp
        • Scots: whalp, whaulp
        • English: whelp
    • Old Frisian: *hwelp
    • Old Saxon: hwelp
    • Old Dutch: welp
    • Old High German: hwelf, welpf, welph, welf
  • Old Norse: hvelpr
  • → Proto-Samic: *vielppēs

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xwelpaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200
  2. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 615
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