Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krumpōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *grm̥bʰnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to *krimpaną (“to shrink”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkrum.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*krumpōną

  1. to shrink, draw back from

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *krump- against non-singular *krumb-.

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *krumpō *krumpǭ — *krumpōi ?
2nd singular *krumpōsi *krumpōs *krumpō *krumpōsai *krumpōsau
3rd singular *krumpōþi *krumpō *krumpōþau *krumpōþai *krumpōþau
1st dual *krumpōs *krumpōw — — —
2nd dual *krumpōþiz *krumpōþiz *krumpōþiz — —
1st plural *krumpōmaz *krumpōm — *krumpōnþai *krumpōnþau
2nd plural *krumpōþ *krumpōþ *krumpōþ *krumpōnþai *krumpōnþau
3rd plural *krumpōnþi *krumpōn *krumpōnþau *krumpōnþai *krumpōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *krumpōdǭ *krumpōdēdį̄
2nd singular *krumpōdēz *krumpōdēdīz
3rd singular *krumpōdē *krumpōdēdī
1st dual *krumpōdēdū *krumpōdēdīw
2nd dual *krumpōdēdudiz *krumpōdēdīdiz
1st plural *krumpōdēdum *krumpōdēdīm
2nd plural *krumpōdēdud *krumpōdēdīd
3rd plural *krumpōdēdun *krumpōdēdīn
present past
participles *krumpōndz *krumpōdaz

Descendants

  • English: crump (obsolete), cf. crumple (with frequentative suffix)
  • German: krumpfen

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*krimpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 305: “*krumpōn-”
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