Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lappōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *lap-néh₂- (to lick). The root was probably onomatopoeic and might have come about after the PIE period proper. Related to Latin lambō (to lick), Lithuanian lapènti (to drink greedily (of pigs)), Ancient Greek λάπτω (láptō, idem), Albanian lap (to lick or lap up water), Russian ло́пать (lópatʹ, to gobble up).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑp.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*lappōną

  1. to lap, lick up

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *lappō *lappǭ *lappōi ?
2nd singular *lappōsi *lappōs *lappō *lappōsai *lappōsau
3rd singular *lappōþi *lappō *lappōþau *lappōþai *lappōþau
1st dual *lappōs *lappōw
2nd dual *lappōþiz *lappōþiz *lappōþiz
1st plural *lappōmaz *lappōm *lappōnþai *lappōnþau
2nd plural *lappōþ *lappōþ *lappōþ *lappōnþai *lappōnþau
3rd plural *lappōnþi *lappōn *lappōnþau *lappōnþai *lappōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *lappōdǭ *lappōdēdį̄
2nd singular *lappōdēz *lappōdēdīz
3rd singular *lappōdē *lappōdēdī
1st dual *lappōdēdū *lappōdēdīw
2nd dual *lappōdēdudiz *lappōdēdīdiz
1st plural *lappōdēdum *lappōdēdīm
2nd plural *lappōdēdud *lappōdēdīd
3rd plural *lappōdēdun *lappōdēdīn
present past
participles *lappōndz *lappōdaz

Derivatives

Descendants

The original paradigm was singular *lapp- against non-singular *lab-, with different leveling among the daughter languages.

  • Old English: lapian
  • Dutch: labben, lappen (early modern)
  • Old Norse: *lapa

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*lapp/bōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 327