Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/madarǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *modʰro-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmɑ.ðɑ.rɔ̃ː/

Noun

*madarǭ f

(botany) madder (Rubia tinctorum)

Declension

Declension of *madarǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*madarǭ	*madarōniz
vocative	*madarǭ	*madarōniz
accusative	*madarōnų	*madarōnunz
genitive	*madarōniz	*madarōnǫ̂
dative	*madarōni	*madarōmaz
instrumental	*madarōnē	*madarōmiz

Synonyms

*maiþǭ
- Proto-West Germanic: *maiþā
  - Old Frisian: *mēthe
    - West Frisian: miede m or f
  - Old Dutch: *meitha, *mētha
    - Middle Dutch: mede
      - Dutch: mede, mee
        ⇒ Dutch: meekrap

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *madarā
- Old English: mædere, mædre, mæddre
  - Middle English: mader, madere, madur, madyr, madyre, maddir, madir, mædere
    - English: madder
    - Scots: mather, mader, madder, malder, maider (obsolete)
    - → Irish: madra, madar
- Old Saxon: *madara
  - Middle Low German: madre; māder m
- Old High German: matara, matra, matreia, matere, metere
  - Middle High German: matere
Old Norse: maðra
- Icelandic: maðra
- Norwegian: modre
- Swedish: madra
→ Proto-Finnic: *matara (see there for further descendants)