Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/melkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *melkaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmel.kɑz/

Adjective

*melkaz[1]

  1. giving milk, milch

Inflection

Declension of *melkaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *melkaz *melkō *melką, *-at(ō) *melkai *melkôz *melkō
accusative *melkanǭ *melkǭ *melką, *-at(ō) *melkanz *melkōz *melkō
genitive *melkas, *milkis *melkaizōz *melkas, *milkis *melkaizǫ̂ *melkaizǫ̂ *melkaizǫ̂
dative *melkammai *melkaizōi *melkammai *melkaimaz *melkaimaz *melkaimaz
instrumental *melkanō *melkaizō *melkanō *melkaimiz *melkaimiz *melkaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *melkô *melkǭ *melkô *melkaniz *melkōniz *melkōnō
accusative *melkanų *melkōnų *melkô *melkanunz *melkōnunz *melkōnō
genitive *milkiniz *melkōniz *milkiniz *melkanǫ̂ *melkōnǫ̂ *melkanǫ̂
dative *milkini *melkōni *milkini *melkammaz *melkōmaz *melkammaz
instrumental *milkinē *melkōnē *milkinē *melkammiz *melkōmiz *melkammiz

Descendants

  • Old English: melc, meolc, *milċe
    • Middle English: milch, melch (both ← *milċe)
  • Old Saxon: *melk
    • Middle Low German: melk
  • Old Dutch: *melc
  • Old High German: melc, melk
    • Middle High German: mëlch
  • Old Norse: mjólk
    • Icelandic: mjólkur
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: mjølk (fastmjølk, lausmjølk)

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*melkaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 267
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