Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/mulkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *h₂ml̥ǵnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative formation to Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ- (“to milk”). Closely related to the strong verb *melkaną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmul.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*mulkōną[1]

  1. to milk

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *mulkō *mulkǭ — *mulkōi ?
2nd singular *mulkōsi *mulkōs *mulkō *mulkōsai *mulkōsau
3rd singular *mulkōþi *mulkō *mulkōþau *mulkōþai *mulkōþau
1st dual *mulkōs *mulkōw — — —
2nd dual *mulkōþiz *mulkōþiz *mulkōþiz — —
1st plural *mulkōmaz *mulkōm — *mulkōnþai *mulkōnþau
2nd plural *mulkōþ *mulkōþ *mulkōþ *mulkōnþai *mulkōnþau
3rd plural *mulkōnþi *mulkōn *mulkōnþau *mulkōnþai *mulkōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *mulkōdǭ *mulkōdēdį̄
2nd singular *mulkōdēz *mulkōdēdīz
3rd singular *mulkōdē *mulkōdēdī
1st dual *mulkōdēdū *mulkōdēdīw
2nd dual *mulkōdēdudiz *mulkōdēdīdiz
1st plural *mulkōdēdum *mulkōdēdīm
2nd plural *mulkōdēdud *mulkōdēdīd
3rd plural *mulkōdēdun *mulkōdēdīn
present past
participles *mulkōndz *mulkōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *molkōn
    • Old Frisian: molkia
  • Old Norse: molka
    • Old Swedish: molka
    • Gutnish: mulka

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*mulkōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 374
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