Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/natǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *neh₂d- (“to twist, knot, tie”), whence also *natją (“net”), as nettle fibers were used for making nets. In this case, possibly cognate with Old Irish nenaid (“nettle”), Proto-Slavic *natь (“leaves and stems of some vegetables”), the latter which may have been borrowed from Germanic.^[1]

Noun

*natǭ f^[1]

nettle

Inflection

Declension of *natǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*natǭ	*natōniz
vocative	*natǭ	*natōniz
accusative	*natōnų	*natōnunz
genitive	*natōniz	*natōnǫ̂
dative	*natōni	*natōmaz
instrumental	*natōnē	*natōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *natā
- Old High German: nazza
- ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *natilā
  - Old English: netele, netle
    - Middle English: netele, netle, nettle
      - English: nettle
      - Scots: nettill
  - Old Frisian: *netele
    - Saterland Frisian: Neetele, Neetel
    - West Frisian: nettel
  - Old Saxon: netila
    - Middle Low German: nêtele, nettele, nettel
      - German Low German:
        Westphalian:
        Westmünsterländisch: Nettel, Nöttel
        East Westphalian: Niedel (Ravensberg), Nettel (Lippe)
        South Westphalian: Niëdel (Dortmund)
        Sauerländisch: Nietel, Nettel (Wenden)
      - Dutch Low Saxon:
        Twents: nettel
      - → Danish: nelde, nælde
      - → Norwegian: nesle, netla, nesla, natla
      - → Old Swedish: nætla
        Swedish: nässla, nättla, nälla
      - → Scanian: nælla
  - Old Dutch: *netila
    - Middle Dutch: nētele, nettel
      - Dutch: netel
  - Old High German: nezzila
    - Middle High German: nezzel
      - Cimbrian: éssala (reanalyzed)
      - German: Nessel
        → Yiddish: ברעננעסל (brennesl)
      - Yiddish: ניסול (nisul) (Middle Yiddish, attested in Shemot Devarim)
Old Norse: nata; nǫt
- Faroese: nota
- Gutnish: nata
- Norwegian Nynorsk: nata
- ⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: brennuttu
→? Proto-Slavic: *natь (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*natōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 384

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*natōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 384

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