Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/prikjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *prikiz (prick) +‎ *-janą. Likely a variant of *pikkōną (to strike, peck) with an emphatic -r-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈprik.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*prikjaną

  1. to stick; prick

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *prikjō *prikjaų *prikjai ?
2nd singular *prikisi *prikjais *priki *prikjasai *prikjaisau
3rd singular *prikiþi *prikjai *prikjaþau *prikjaþai *prikjaiþau
1st dual *prikjōs *prikjaiw
2nd dual *prikjaþiz *prikjaiþiz *prikjaþiz
1st plural *prikjamaz *prikjaim *prikjanþai *prikjainþau
2nd plural *prikiþ *prikjaiþ *prikiþ *prikjanþai *prikjainþau
3rd plural *prikjanþi *prikjain *prikjanþau *prikjanþai *prikjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *prikidǭ *prikidēdį̄
2nd singular *prikidēz *prikidēdīz
3rd singular *prikidē *prikidēdī
1st dual *prikidēdū *prikidēdīw
2nd dual *prikidēdudiz *prikidēdīdiz
1st plural *prikidēdum *prikidēdīm
2nd plural *prikidēdud *prikidēdīd
3rd plural *prikidēdun *prikidēdīn
present past
participles *prikjandz *prikidaz
  • *prikōna
    • Proto-West Germanic: *prikōn
  • *prikilaz
  • *prikō
  • *prikô

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *prikkjan
    • Old English: priċċan
      • Middle English: pricchen
        • English: pritch
        • Scots: prich, prych
    • Old Frisian: *prikka
      • Saterland Frisian: prikkelje (from Low German ?)
      • West Frisian: prikke
    • Old Saxon: *prikkian
    • Old Dutch: *prikken
    • Old High German: *pfrichen, *pfricken
      • Middle High German: pfrecken? (possibly from *prekōną)
      • Middle High German: prickelen, prickeln (likely from Low German)