Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/reutaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *HréwdHti, from the root *HrewdH-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*reutaną[1][2]

  1. to cry, to wail

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *reutō *reutaų — *reutai ?
2nd singular *riutizi *reutaiz *reut *reutazai *reutaizau
3rd singular *riutidi *reutai *reutadau *reutadai *reutaidau
1st dual *reutōz *reutaiw — — —
2nd dual *reutadiz *reutaidiz *reutadiz — —
1st plural *reutamaz *reutaim — *reutandai *reutaindau
2nd plural *riutid *reutaid *riutid *reutandai *reutaindau
3rd plural *reutandi *reutain *reutandau *reutandai *reutaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *raut *rutį̄
2nd singular *raust *rutīz
3rd singular *raut *rutī
1st dual *rutū *rutīw
2nd dual *rutudiz *rutīdiz
1st plural *rutum *rutīm
2nd plural *rutud *rutīd
3rd plural *rutun *rutīn
present past
participles *reutandz *rutanaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *reutan
    • Old English: rēotan
    • Old Saxon: *riotan
    • Old High German: riozan, riuzan
      • Middle High German: riezen
  • Old Norse: rjóta
    • Icelandic: rjóta
    • Faroese: rjóta, rýta

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*reutan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 411
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*reutanan I”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 303
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