Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sanþijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *sanþaz (“true, real”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsɑn.θi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sanþijaną[1]

  1. to make true

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *sanþijō *sanþijaų — *sanþijai ?
2nd singular *sanþīsi *sanþijais *sanþī *sanþijasai *sanþijaisau
3rd singular *sanþīþi *sanþijai *sanþijaþau *sanþijaþai *sanþijaiþau
1st dual *sanþijōs *sanþijaiw — — —
2nd dual *sanþijaþiz *sanþijaiþiz *sanþijaþiz — —
1st plural *sanþijamaz *sanþijaim — *sanþijanþai *sanþijainþau
2nd plural *sanþīþ *sanþijaiþ *sanþīþ *sanþijanþai *sanþijainþau
3rd plural *sanþijanþi *sanþijain *sanþijanþau *sanþijanþai *sanþijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *sanþidǭ *sanþidēdį̄
2nd singular *sanþidēz *sanþidēdīz
3rd singular *sanþidē *sanþidēdī
1st dual *sanþidēdū *sanþidēdīw
2nd dual *sanþidēdudiz *sanþidēdīdiz
1st plural *sanþidēdum *sanþidēdīm
2nd plural *sanþidēdud *sanþidēdīd
3rd plural *sanþidēdun *sanþidēdīn
present past
participles *sanþijandz *sanþidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *sanþijan
    • Old English: sēþan, sēðan — edh spelling
      • Middle English: sethen
  • Old Norse: senna

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*sanþjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 318
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