Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skammijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *skammaz (“short, blunt”) +‎ *-janą.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈskam.mi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skammijaną[1]

  1. to shorten

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skammijō *skammijaų — *skammijai ?
2nd singular *skammīsi *skammijais *skammī *skammijasai *skammijaisau
3rd singular *skammīþi *skammijai *skammijaþau *skammijaþai *skammijaiþau
1st dual *skammijōs *skammijaiw — — —
2nd dual *skammijaþiz *skammijaiþiz *skammijaþiz — —
1st plural *skammijamaz *skammijaim — *skammijanþai *skammijainþau
2nd plural *skammīþ *skammijaiþ *skammīþ *skammijanþai *skammijainþau
3rd plural *skammijanþi *skammijain *skammijanþau *skammijanþai *skammijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skammidǭ *skammidēdį̄
2nd singular *skammidēz *skammidēdīz
3rd singular *skammidē *skammidēdī
1st dual *skammidēdū *skammidēdīw
2nd dual *skammidēdudiz *skammidēdīdiz
1st plural *skammidēdum *skammidēdīm
2nd plural *skammidēdud *skammidēdīd
3rd plural *skammidēdun *skammidēdīn
present past
participles *skammijandz *skammidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *skammijan
    • Old High German: skemmen
  • Old Norse: skemma

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skammjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 333
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