Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skardą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Nominalized form of *skardaz (“diminished”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskɑr.ðɑ̃/

Noun

*skardą n

notch; nick

Inflection

Declension of *skardą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skardą	*skardō
vocative	*skardą	*skardō
accusative	*skardą	*skardō
genitive	skardas, skardis	*skardǫ̂
dative	*skardai	*skardamaz
instrumental	*skardō	*skardamiz

Derived terms

*skardasamaz
*skardijaną
*skardingaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *skard
- Old English: sċeard
  - Middle English: scherd, scheard, scheord, scherde, schord, shard, sherd, sherde
    - English: shard, sherd
    - Scots: shaird
    - Yola: sheardhe, sheardh, shearde, sharde
- Old Frisian: skerd
  - Saterland Frisian: Skeed
  - West Frisian: schird, skurd
- Old Saxon: *skard
  - Middle Low German: schart
    - German Low German: Schaarde
- Old Dutch: *skard
  - Middle Dutch: scart, scaert, schaerde, scheerde
    - Dutch: schaarde
      - → West Frisian: skaart
- Old High German: scart; *skarti
  - Middle High German: scharte
    - German: Scharte
    - Luxembourgish: Schaart
- → Catalan: esquerda
- → Old French: escharde, escherde
  - Middle French: eschardre
    - French: écharde
  - → Old Italian: scarda
    - ⇒ Italian: scardare
  - → Basque: eskarda
Old Norse: skarð
- Icelandic: skarð
- Faroese: skarð
- Norwegian: skård
- Old Swedish: skardh
- Danish: skård, skår
- → Middle English: scarth

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skarđan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 335

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skarđan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 335

[1]