Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skiljaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

*skeljaną, *skelōjaną^[1]

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut, separate”).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskil.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skiljaną^[2]^[1]

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*skiljō	*skiljaų	—	*skiljai	?
2nd singular	*skilisi	*skiljais	*skili	*skiljasai	*skiljaisau
3rd singular	*skiliþi	*skiljai	*skiljaþau	*skiljaþai	*skiljaiþau
1st dual	*skiljōs	*skiljaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*skiljaþiz	*skiljaiþiz	*skiljaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*skiljamaz	*skiljaim	—	*skiljanþai	*skiljainþau
2nd plural	*skiliþ	*skiljaiþ	*skiliþ	*skiljanþai	*skiljainþau
3rd plural	*skiljanþi	*skiljain	*skiljanþau	*skiljanþai	*skiljainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skilidǭ	*skilidēdį̄
2nd singular	*skilidēz	*skilidēdīz
3rd singular	*skilidē	*skilidēdī
1st dual	*skilidēdū	*skilidēdīw
2nd dual	*skilidēdudiz	*skilidēdīdiz
1st plural	*skilidēdum	*skilidēdīm
2nd plural	*skilidēdud	*skilidēdīd
3rd plural	*skilidēdun	*skilidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*skiljandz	*skilidaz

Derived terms

*skalō
*skēlō
>? *skiljô
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja) (see below)

Descendants

Old English: sċiellan
- ⇒ Old English: āsċiellan, āsċilian
Old Frisian: skilla (“to fight”)
Old Dutch: skillen
- Middle Dutch: schillen
  - Dutch: schillen, schelen
Old Norse: skilja
- → Old English: scielian (partially)
  - Middle English: skillen
    - English: skill
    - Scots: skylle, skill
- Icelandic: skilja
- Faroese: skilja
- Old Swedish: skilia
  - Swedish: skilja
- Old Danish: skilia
  - Danish: skille^[3]
- Elfdalian: stjila^[2]
Gothic: *𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*skiljan) (possibly)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 (skilja)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skeljanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 338
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skeljan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 443
^ “skille” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

[HGE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skeljanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 338

[EDPG-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skeljan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 443

[3] “skille” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

[1]

[2]

[3]