Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skraudaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *skrówdʰ-e-ti, from *skrewdʰ- (“to cut, shred”); cognate with Lithuanian skriaudùs (“blunt, insulting; torrential; brittle”).[1] The root may be an extension of a root *skrew- (“to cut; cutting tool”), itself an extension of *(s)ker- (“to cut”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈskrɑu̯.ðɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skraudaną

  1. to cut up, to shred

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 7b)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skraudō *skraudaų — *skraudai ?
2nd singular *skraudizi *skraudaiz *skraud *skraudazai *skraudaizau
3rd singular *skraudidi *skraudai *skraudadau *skraudadai *skraudaidau
1st dual *skraudōz *skraudaiw — — —
2nd dual *skraudadiz *skraudaidiz *skraudadiz — —
1st plural *skraudamaz *skraudaim — *skraudandai *skraudaindau
2nd plural *skraudid *skraudaid *skraudid *skraudandai *skraudaindau
3rd plural *skraudandi *skraudain *skraudandau *skraudandai *skraudaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skeskraud *skeskraudį̄
2nd singular *skeskraust *skeskraudīz
3rd singular *skeskraud *skeskraudī
1st dual *skeskraudū *skeskraudīw
2nd dual *skeskraududiz *skeskraudīdiz
1st plural *skeskraudum *skeskraudīm
2nd plural *skeskraudud *skeskraudīd
3rd plural *skeskraudun *skeskraudīn
present past
participles *skraudandz *skraudanaz

Derived terms

  • *skrūdą

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *skraudan
    • Old Frisian: skrēda
    • Old Saxon: *skrōdan
      • Middle Low German: schrôden, schrâden
        • German Low German: schraden
    • Old Dutch: *scrōdan
    • Old High German: skrōtan

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skraudan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 447
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