Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuttōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *skuttōþi ~ *skutunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *skud-nā́-ti ~ *skud-un-ánti, iterative to *skeutaną (“to shoot”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈskut.tɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skuttōną[1][2]

  1. to shoot, to throw
  2. to shove, push

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *skutt- against non-singular *skut-.

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skuttō *skuttǭ — *skuttōi ?
2nd singular *skuttōsi *skuttōs *skuttō *skuttōsai *skuttōsau
3rd singular *skuttōþi *skuttō *skuttōþau *skuttōþai *skuttōþau
1st dual *skuttōs *skuttōw — — —
2nd dual *skuttōþiz *skuttōþiz *skuttōþiz — —
1st plural *skuttōmaz *skuttōm — *skuttōnþai *skuttōnþau
2nd plural *skuttōþ *skuttōþ *skuttōþ *skuttōnþai *skuttōnþau
3rd plural *skuttōnþi *skuttōn *skuttōnþau *skuttōnþai *skuttōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skuttōdǭ *skuttōdēdį̄
2nd singular *skuttōdēz *skuttōdēdīz
3rd singular *skuttōdē *skuttōdēdī
1st dual *skuttōdēdū *skuttōdēdīw
2nd dual *skuttōdēdudiz *skuttōdēdīdiz
1st plural *skuttōdēdum *skuttōdēdīm
2nd plural *skuttōdēdud *skuttōdēdīd
3rd plural *skuttōdēdun *skuttōdēdīn
present past
participles *skuttōndz *skuttōdaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *skotōn
  • Old Norse: skota, *skotta
    • Icelandic: skota
    • Norwegian: skota, skotta
    • ⇒ Old Norse: skotra
      • Icelandic: skotra

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skut(t)ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 451-452
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skutōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 347
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