Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/slappōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *slobʰ-néh₂-ti, an iterative verb related to *slēpaną (“to sleep”). The root is reconstructed by Kroonen as *slobʰ- (“to be slack, weak”), and compared with Proto-Slavic *slàbъ (“weak”), dialectal Lithuanian slãbnas, slõbnas (“idem”), Latvian slãbs (“idem”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈslɑp.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*slappōną[1]

  1. to be slack

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *slapp- against non-singular *slab-.

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *slappō *slappǭ — *slappōi ?
2nd singular *slappōsi *slappōs *slappō *slappōsai *slappōsau
3rd singular *slappōþi *slappō *slappōþau *slappōþai *slappōþau
1st dual *slappōs *slappōw — — —
2nd dual *slappōþiz *slappōþiz *slappōþiz — —
1st plural *slappōmaz *slappōm — *slappōnþai *slappōnþau
2nd plural *slappōþ *slappōþ *slappōþ *slappōnþai *slappōnþau
3rd plural *slappōnþi *slappōn *slappōnþau *slappōnþai *slappōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *slappōdǭ *slappōdēdį̄
2nd singular *slappōdēz *slappōdēdīz
3rd singular *slappōdē *slappōdēdī
1st dual *slappōdēdū *slappōdēdīw
2nd dual *slappōdēdudiz *slappōdēdīdiz
1st plural *slappōdēdum *slappōdēdīm
2nd plural *slappōdēdud *slappōdēdīd
3rd plural *slappōdēdun *slappōdēdīn
present past
participles *slappōndz *slappōdaz
  • *slapaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *slappōn
    • Old Saxon: *slappōn
      • Middle Low German: slappen
    • Old Dutch: slappon
      • Middle Dutch: slappen
        • Dutch: slappen
    • Old High German: slaffōn
      • Middle High German: slaffen
  • Old Norse: slappa, *slapa, *slabba, slafa (only attested in the reflexive 'slafast')

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*slappōn/bōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 453
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.