Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sleupaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

According to Kroonen, a strong verb back-formed from the iterative verb *sluppōną, from a Proto-Indo-European *slewp- (“to slip, glide”), and cognate with Lithuanian įslupti (“to slip into”), Latvian šļupt (“to slip”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsleu̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sleupaną^[2]

To creep, slink, sneak, slip (move quietly or stealthily)

Conjugation

Conjugation of (strong class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*sleupō	*sleupaų	—	*sleupai	?
2nd singular	*sliupizi	*sleupaiz	*sleup	*sleupazai	*sleupaizau
3rd singular	*sliupidi	*sleupai	*sleupadau	*sleupadai	*sleupaidau
1st dual	*sleupōz	*sleupaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sleupadiz	*sleupaidiz	*sleupadiz	—	—
1st plural	*sleupamaz	*sleupaim	—	*sleupandai	*sleupaindau
2nd plural	*sliupid	*sleupaid	*sliupid	*sleupandai	*sleupaindau
3rd plural	*sleupandi	*sleupain	*sleupandau	*sleupandai	*sleupaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*slaup	*slupį̄
2nd singular	*slauft	*slupīz
3rd singular	*slaup	*slupī
1st dual	*slupū	*slupīw
2nd dual	*slupudiz	*slupīdiz
1st plural	*slupum	*slupīm
2nd plural	*slupud	*slupīd
3rd plural	*slupun	*slupīn

	present	past
participles	*sleupandz	*slupanaz

Related terms

*slaupa-
*slaupaz
*slaupijaną
*slupaz
*sluppijaną
*sluppōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *sleupan
- Old English: slūpan
- Old Frisian: *slūpa
  - ⇒ Saterland Frisian: sluupje
  - West Frisian: slûpe
- Old Saxon: *slūpan
  - Middle Low German: slûpen
    - German Low German: slupen
- Old Dutch: slūpen
  - Middle Dutch: slupen
    - Dutch: sluipen
      - Afrikaans: sluip
- Old High German: sliofan
  - Middle High German: sliefen
    - German: schliefen
Gothic: 𐍃𐌻𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (sliupan)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sleupan- ~ *slūpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 454
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*sleupanan ~ *slūpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 350

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sleupan- ~ *slūpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 454

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*sleupanan ~ *slūpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 350

[1]

[2]