Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/splītaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)pleyd- (“to split, splice”). Cognate with Middle Irish slis (“shavings, splinters”).^[1] The Indo-European root may be an extension of *(s)pley- (“to split, splice”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈspliː.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*splītaną^[1]^[2]

to split

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*splītō	*splītaų	—	*splītai	?
2nd singular	*splītizi	*splītaiz	*splīt	*splītazai	*splītaizau
3rd singular	*splītidi	*splītai	*splītadau	*splītadai	*splītaidau
1st dual	*splītōz	*splītaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*splītadiz	*splītaidiz	*splītadiz	—	—
1st plural	*splītamaz	*splītaim	—	*splītandai	*splītaindau
2nd plural	*splītid	*splītaid	*splītid	*splītandai	*splītaindau
3rd plural	*splītandi	*splītain	*splītandau	*splītandai	*splītaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*splait	*splitį̄
2nd singular	*splaist	*splitīz
3rd singular	*splait	*splitī
1st dual	*splitū	*splitīw
2nd dual	*splitudiz	*splitīdiz
1st plural	*splitum	*splitīm
2nd plural	*splitud	*splitīd
3rd plural	*splitun	*splitīn

	present	past
participles	*splītandz	*splitanaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *splītan
- Old Frisian: splīta
  - Saterland Frisian: spliete
  - West Frisian: splite
- Old Saxon: *splītan
  - Middle Low German: splîten
    - Low German: splieten
- Old Dutch: splītan
  - Middle Dutch: spliten
    - Dutch: splijten
      - Afrikaans: splyt
    - →? English: split
    - Limburgish: spliete
- Old High German: splīzan
  - Middle High German: splīzen
    - German: spleißen

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*splītan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*splītanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 365

[Kroonen-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*splītan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468

[HGE-2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*splītanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 365

[1]

[2]