Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stūfijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *stūfaz (“stump”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈstuː.fi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stūfijaną[1]

  1. To cut off, shorten

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stūfijō *stūfijaų — *stūfijai ?
2nd singular *stūfīsi *stūfijais *stūfī *stūfijasai *stūfijaisau
3rd singular *stūfīþi *stūfijai *stūfijaþau *stūfijaþai *stūfijaiþau
1st dual *stūfijōs *stūfijaiw — — —
2nd dual *stūfijaþiz *stūfijaiþiz *stūfijaþiz — —
1st plural *stūfijamaz *stūfijaim — *stūfijanþai *stūfijainþau
2nd plural *stūfīþ *stūfijaiþ *stūfīþ *stūfijanþai *stūfijainþau
3rd plural *stūfijanþi *stūfijain *stūfijanþau *stūfijanþai *stūfijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stūfidǭ *stūfidēdį̄
2nd singular *stūfidēz *stūfidēdīz
3rd singular *stūfidē *stūfidēdī
1st dual *stūfidēdū *stūfidēdīw
2nd dual *stūfidēdudiz *stūfidēdīdiz
1st plural *stūfidēdum *stūfidēdīm
2nd plural *stūfidēdud *stūfidēdīd
3rd plural *stūfidēdun *stūfidēdīn
present past
participles *stūfijandz *stūfidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *stūfijan
    • Old Saxon: *stūvian
  • Old Norse: stýfa

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*stūfjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 384
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