Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stikjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *stikiz (“a sticking, prick”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈstik.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*stikjaną

  1. To stick
  2. To stitch

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stikjō *stikjaų — *stikjai ?
2nd singular *stikisi *stikjais *stiki *stikjasai *stikjaisau
3rd singular *stikiþi *stikjai *stikjaþau *stikjaþai *stikjaiþau
1st dual *stikjōs *stikjaiw — — —
2nd dual *stikjaþiz *stikjaiþiz *stikjaþiz — —
1st plural *stikjamaz *stikjaim — *stikjanþai *stikjainþau
2nd plural *stikiþ *stikjaiþ *stikiþ *stikjanþai *stikjainþau
3rd plural *stikjanþi *stikjain *stikjanþau *stikjanþai *stikjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *stikidǭ *stikidēdį̄
2nd singular *stikidēz *stikidēdīz
3rd singular *stikidē *stikidēdī
1st dual *stikidēdū *stikidēdīw
2nd dual *stikidēdudiz *stikidēdīdiz
1st plural *stikidēdum *stikidēdīm
2nd plural *stikidēdud *stikidēdīd
3rd plural *stikidēdun *stikidēdīn
present past
participles *stikjandz *stikidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *stikkjan
    • Old English: *stiċċan, stiċċian
    • Old Frisian: *stikka, *stitza
    • Old Saxon: *stikkian
    • Old Dutch: *stikken
    • Old High German: sticken
    • → Old French: estichier, estiquer
  • Old Norse: *stikkja (only attested in passive stikkjask)
    • Icelandic: stikkjast
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: stikkjast
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