Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swīpaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Closely related to the strong verb *swībaną. It seems to have adopted the -p- from the iterative verb *swippōną. Ultimately from *ksweybʰ- (“to move swiftly, swing, whip”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈswiː.pɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*swīpaną[1]
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *swīpō | *swīpaų | — | *swīpai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *swīpizi | *swīpaiz | *swīp | *swīpazai | *swīpaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *swīpidi | *swīpai | *swīpadau | *swīpadai | *swīpaidau | |
| 1st dual | *swīpōz | *swīpaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *swīpadiz | *swīpaidiz | *swīpadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *swīpamaz | *swīpaim | — | *swīpandai | *swīpaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *swīpid | *swīpaid | *swīpid | *swīpandai | *swīpaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *swīpandi | *swīpain | *swīpandau | *swīpandai | *swīpaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *swaip | *swipį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *swaift | *swipīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *swaip | *swipī | ||||
| 1st dual | *swipū | *swipīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *swipudiz | *swipīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *swipum | *swipīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *swipud | *swipīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *swipun | *swipīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *swīpandz | *swipanaz | ||||
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *swīpan
- ⇒ Old Saxon: farswīpan
- Old Dutch: *swīpan
- Middle Dutch: *swipen
- Dutch: zwijpen, swijpen (obsolete)
- Middle Dutch: *swipen
- Old Norse: svípa
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*swaipan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 494: “*swīpan-”