Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tōgô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃gʰ- (“branch”). Possibly cognate with Albanian degë (“bough, branch”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtɔː.ɣɔːː/

Noun

*tōgô m

  1. twig; branch
    Synonyms: *astaz, *limuz, *telguz, *twīgą

Inflection

Declension of *tōgô (masculine an-stem)
singular plural
nominative *tōgô *tōganiz
vocative *tōgô *tōganiz
accusative *tōganų *takkunz
genitive *takkaz *takkǫ̂
dative *tagini *tagummaz
instrumental *takkē *tagummiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *tōgō; *tōg (< *tōgaz, *tōgą)
    • Old Frisian: *tōga, *tōka; *tōch
      • Saterland Frisian: Toug, Touch
      • West Frisian: tûke
    • Old Saxon: tōgo; *tōg
    • Old Dutch: *tuogo; *tuog
      • Middle Dutch: tooch, toech
        • Dutch: toeg
    • Old High German: zuogo; zuog

From a levelled variant tagg-:

From the genitive stem takk-:

  • Old Saxon: *takk; takka
    • Middle Low German: tacke, tagge m or f
      • German Low German: Tack f
      • →? Middle English: tag
  • Old Dutch: *tak
    • Middle Dutch: tac m
  • → Old French: taque
  • Old High German: *zahha

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tōgan- ~ *takkan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 519
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