Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱéytor

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic Narten root verb of *ḱey- (“to be lying down”).

Verb

*ḱéytor (imperfective)^[1]^[2]

to be lying flat

Inflection

Imperfective, athematic, middle only
3rd singular	ḱéytor, ḱéyor
3rd plural	ḱéyn̥tor, ḱéyror
Middle voice	Present indicative	Past indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*ḱéyh₂er	*ḱéyh₂e	—	*ḱéyoh₂er	*ḱéyih₁h₂e
2nd singular	*ḱéyth₂er	*ḱéyth₂e	*ḱéyso	*ḱéyeth₂er	*ḱéyih₁th₂e
3rd singular	ḱéytor, ḱéyor	ḱéyto, ḱéyo	*?	*ḱéyetor	ḱéyih₁to, ḱéyih₁o
1st dual	*ḱéywosdʰh₂	*ḱéywedʰh₂	—	*ḱéyowosdʰh₂	*ḱéyih₁wedʰh₂
2nd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
3rd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
1st plural	*ḱéymosdʰh₂	*ḱéymedʰh₂	—	*ḱéyomosdʰh₂	*ḱéyih₁medʰh₂
2nd plural	*ḱéydʰh₂we	*ḱéydʰh₂we	*ḱéydʰh₂we	*ḱéyedʰh₂we	*ḱéyih₁dʰh₂we
3rd plural	ḱéyn̥tor, ḱéyror	ḱéyn̥to, ḱéyro	*?	*ḱéyontor	*ḱéyih₁ro

Participle	*ḱéym̥h₁nos

Descendants

Proto-Anatolian: *ḱiytor^[3]
- Hittite: 𒆠𒀉𒋫 (ki-it-ta /⁠kitta⁠/), 𒆠𒀉𒋫𒊑 (ki-it-ta-ri /⁠kittari⁠/), 𒆠𒀉𒁕𒊑 (ki-id-da-ri /⁠kittari⁠/)
- Luwian:
  Cuneiform script: 𒍣𒄿𒀀𒅈 (zi-ya-ar /⁠ziyar⁠/), 𒍣𒄿𒄿𒀀𒊑 (zi-i-ya-ri /⁠zīyari⁠/)
- Lycian: 𐊖𐊆𐊊𐊚𐊏𐊆 (sijẽni), 𐊖𐊆𐊊𐊁𐊏𐊆 (sijeni)
- Palaic: 𒆠𒄿𒋫𒅈 (ki-i-ta-ar /⁠kītār⁠/)
Proto-Hellenic: *kéimai
- Ancient Greek: κεῖμαι (keîmai)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćáyay
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *śáyay
  - Sanskrit:
    Vedic Sanskrit: शये (śáye, 3sg.)
    
    Classical Sanskrit: शेते (śéte)
- Proto-Iranian: *cáytay
  - Avestan: 𐬯𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬉 (saētē, 3sg.), 𐬯𐬋𐬌𐬭𐬈 (sōⁱre, 3pl.)

References

^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 25
^ (for the Narten ablaut) Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 133-134
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “ki-^tta(ri)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 473-475

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 25

[2] (for the Narten ablaut) Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 133-134

[3] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “ki-^tta(ri)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 473-475

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