Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-néwti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Suffix

    *(Ø)-néwti

    1. Forms transitive imperfective verbs from roots.

    Inflection

    Imperfective, athematic
    3rd singular *(Ø)-néwti
    3rd plural *(Ø)-n‌wénti
    Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *(Ø)-néwmi *(Ø)-nḗm — *(Ø)-néwoh₂ *(Ø)-n‌uyéh₁m̥
    2nd singular *(Ø)-néwsi *(Ø)-néws *(Ø)-néw, *(Ø)-n‌udʰí *(Ø)-néwesi *(Ø)-n‌uyéh₁s
    3rd singular *(Ø)-néwti *(Ø)-néwt *(Ø)-néwtu *(Ø)-néweti *(Ø)-n‌uyéh₁t
    1st dual *(Ø)-n‌uwós *(Ø)-n‌uwé — *(Ø)-néwowos *(Ø)-n‌wih₁wé
    2nd dual *(Ø)-n‌utés *(Ø)-n‌utóm *(Ø)-n‌utóm *(Ø)-néwetes *(Ø)-n‌wih₁tóm
    3rd dual *(Ø)-n‌utés *(Ø)-n‌utā́m *(Ø)-n‌utā́m *(Ø)-néwetes *(Ø)-n‌wih₁tā́m
    1st plural *(Ø)-n‌umós *(Ø)-n‌umé — *(Ø)-néwomos *(Ø)-n‌wih₁mé
    2nd plural *(Ø)-n‌uté *(Ø)-n‌uté *(Ø)-n‌uté *(Ø)-néwete *(Ø)-n‌wih₁té
    3rd plural *(Ø)-n‌wénti *(Ø)-n‌wént *(Ø)-n‌wéntu *(Ø)-néwonti *(Ø)-n‌wih₁ént
    Participle *(Ø)-n‌wónts
    Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    1st singular *(Ø)-n‌uh₂ér *(Ø)-n‌uh₂é — *(Ø)-néwoh₂er *(Ø)-n‌wih₁h₂é
    2nd singular *(Ø)-n‌uth₂ér *(Ø)-n‌uth₂é *(Ø)-n‌usó *(Ø)-néweth₂er *(Ø)-n‌wih₁th₂é
    3rd singular *(Ø)-n‌utór, *(Ø)-n‌wór *(Ø)-n‌utó, *(Ø)-n‌wó *? *(Ø)-néwetor *(Ø)-n‌wih₁tó, *(Ø)-n‌wih₁ó
    1st dual *(Ø)-n‌uwósdʰh₂ *(Ø)-n‌uwédʰh₂ — *(Ø)-néwowosdʰh₂ *(Ø)-n‌wih₁wédʰh₂
    2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
    1st plural *(Ø)-n‌umósdʰh₂ *(Ø)-n‌umédʰh₂ — *(Ø)-néwomosdʰh₂ *(Ø)-n‌wih₁médʰh₂
    2nd plural *(Ø)-n‌udʰh₂wé *(Ø)-n‌udʰh₂wé *(Ø)-n‌udʰh₂wé *(Ø)-néwedʰh₂we *(Ø)-n‌wih₁dʰh₂wé
    3rd plural *(Ø)-n‌wn̥tór, *(Ø)-n‌urór *(Ø)-n‌wn̥tó, *(Ø)-n‌uró *? *(Ø)-néwontor *(Ø)-n‌wih₁ró
    Participle *(Ø)-n‌wm̥h₁nós

    Derived terms

    Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-néwti
    Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰr̥néwti
    Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksnéwti
    Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/minéwti
    Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/tn̥néwti

    Descendants

    • Proto-Anatolian: *-nū́di (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *-neumi
      • Ancient Greek: -νῡμι (-nūmi), also thematicised -νεω (-neō)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-náwti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-náwti
        • Sanskrit: -नोति (-nóti), -णोति (-ṇoti)
      • Proto-Iranian: *-náwti
        • Avestan: -𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (-naoiti), -𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (-nuuaiṇti) (in some cases)

    See also

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