Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰidtós
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *bʰeyd- (“to split”) + *-tós (deverbal adjectival suffix).
Adjective
*bʰidtós (non-ablauting)[1][2]
Inflection
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *bʰidtós | *bʰidtéh₂ | |
| genitive | *bʰidtósyo | *bʰidtéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *bʰidtós | *bʰidtóh₁ | *bʰidtóes |
| vocative | *bʰidté | *bʰidtóh₁ | *bʰidtóes |
| accusative | *bʰidtóm | *bʰidtóh₁ | *bʰidtóms |
| genitive | *bʰidtósyo | *? | *bʰidtóHom |
| ablative | *bʰidtéad | *? | *bʰidtómos, *bʰidtóbʰos |
| dative | *bʰidtóey | *? | *bʰidtómos, *bʰidtóbʰos |
| locative | *bʰidtéy, *bʰidtóy | *? | *bʰidtóysu |
| instrumental | *bʰidtóh₁ | *? | *bʰidtṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *bʰidtéh₂ | *bʰidtéh₂h₁(e) | *bʰidtéh₂es |
| vocative | *bʰidtéh₂ | *bʰidtéh₂h₁(e) | *bʰidtéh₂es |
| accusative | *bʰidtā́m | *bʰidtéh₂h₁(e) | *bʰidtéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *bʰidtéh₂s | *? | *bʰidtéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *bʰidtéh₂s | *? | *bʰidtéh₂mos, *bʰidtéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *bʰidtéh₂ey | *? | *bʰidtéh₂mos, *bʰidtéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *bʰidtéh₂, *bʰidtéh₂i | *? | *bʰidtéh₂su |
| instrumental | *bʰidtéh₂h₁ | *? | *bʰidtéh₂mis, *bʰidtéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *bʰidtóm | *bʰidtóy(h₁) | *bʰidtéh₂ |
| vocative | *bʰidtóm | *bʰidtóy(h₁) | *bʰidtéh₂ |
| accusative | *bʰidtóm | *bʰidtóy(h₁) | *bʰidtéh₂ |
| genitive | *bʰidtósyo | *? | *bʰidtóHom |
| ablative | *bʰidtéad | *? | *bʰidtómos, *bʰidtóbʰos |
| dative | *bʰidtóey | *? | *bʰidtómos, *bʰidtóbʰos |
| locative | *bʰidtéy, *bʰidtóy | *? | *bʰidtóysu |
| instrumental | *bʰidtóh₁ | *? | *bʰidtṓys |
Derived terms
- Proto-Indo-European: *pró-bʰidtós
- Proto-Iranian: *frá-baista-
- Middle Persian:
- Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (prbys- /*frabēs-, parbēs-/, “to be afflicted, suffer”), [Manichaean needed] (prbysyšn /*frabēsišn, parbēsišn/, “suffer”)
- Middle Persian:
- Proto-Iranian: *frá-baista-
Descendants
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰitˢtás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰittás
- Sanskrit: भित्त (bhitta, “bit”)
- ⇒ Proto-Nuristani: (“board”)
- Northern Nuristani:
- Kamkata-viri:
- Kamviri: bitëlë
- Kativiri: bëtyel
- Prasuni: vëtlë, vatël
- Kamkata-viri:
- Southern Nuristani:
- Ashkun: bitalë
- Waigali: bitala
- Northern Nuristani:
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰittás
- Proto-Italic: *fissos
- Latin: fissus
References
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 11