Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/plowéyeti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *plew- (to float, swim; to wash) +‎ *-éyeti (causative suffix).[1]

Verb

*plowéyeti (imperfective)[1]

  1. to float, swim
  2. to wash, rinse

Inflection

Imperfective, thematic
3rd singular *plowéyeti
3rd plural *plowéyonti
Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *plowéyoh₂ *plowéyom *plowéyōh₂ *plowéyoyh₁m̥
2nd singular *plowéyesi *plowéyes *plowéye *plowéyēsi *plowéyoys
3rd singular *plowéyeti *plowéyet *plowéyetu *plowéyēti *plowéyoyt
1st dual *plowéyowos *plowéyowe *plowéyōwos *plowéyoywe
2nd dual *plowéyetes *plowéyetom *plowéyetom *plowéyētes *plowéyoytom
3rd dual *plowéyetes *plowéyetām *plowéyetām *plowéyētes *plowéyoytām
1st plural *plowéyomos *plowéyome *plowéyōmos *plowéyoyme
2nd plural *plowéyete *plowéyete *plowéyete *plowéyēte *plowéyoyte
3rd plural *plowéyonti *plowéyont *plowéyontu *plowéyōnti *plowéyoyh₁n̥t
Participle *plowéyonts
Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *plowéyoh₂er *plowéyoh₂e *plowéyōh₂er *plowéyoyh₂e
2nd singular *plowéyeth₂er *plowéyeth₂e *plowéyeso *plowéyēth₂er *plowéyoyth₂e
3rd singular *plowéyetor *plowéyeto *? *plowéyētor *plowéyoyto, *plowéyoyh₁o
1st dual *plowéyowosdʰh₂ *plowéyowedʰh₂ *plowéyōwosdʰh₂ *plowéyoywedʰh₂
2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
1st plural *plowéyomosdʰh₂ *plowéyomedʰh₂ *plowéyōmosdʰh₂ *plowéyoymedʰh₂
2nd plural *plowéyedʰh₂we *plowéyedʰh₂we *plowéyedʰh₂we *plowéyēdʰh₂we *plowéyoydʰh₂we
3rd plural *plowéyontor *plowéyonto *? *plowéyōntor *plowéyoyro
Participle *plowéyomnos

Descendants

  • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *plā́wīˀtei (< (secondary?) so-called "'Narten' causative" *plṓw-eye-ti[2][3][4], or < *pleh₃w-éye-ti < *pleh₃w-)
    • >? Lithuanian: pláuti, pláuju (to wash; to flood)[3]
    • Proto-Slavic: *plàviti (to float, swim; to wash, rinse) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Slavic: *plàvati (to float, swim) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *ɸlowīti[5]
    • Old Irish: luithir (to move) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *plāwáyati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *plāwáyati
      • Sanskrit: प्लावयति (plāváyati, causes to swim, bathes, suhmerges)
    • Proto-Iranian: *frāwáyati[6]
      • Younger Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬵𐬌 (frafrāuuaiiāhi, may you wash away, 2sg.subj.) (+ 𐬟𐬭𐬀- (fra-))
  • Proto-Germanic: *flaujaną[7]
    • Proto-West Germanic: *flauwjan (to wash, rinse) (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*pleu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 487:Kausativ *plou̯-éi̯e-
  2. ^ Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 215:*plṓu̯eie̯/o- ‘cause to flow’
  3. 3.0 3.1 Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2024) “*pleu̯-”, in Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²[1]:Kausativ ?*plṓu̯-ei̯e-
  4. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*flōan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147:*plōu-eie-
  5. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “Urkelt. *-luu̯-e/o- ‘sich lösen’”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 463:urkeltisch *φlou̯-ī- < *plou̯-éi̯e/o-
  6. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*¹frau- : fru-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 63-66:*frāu̯ai̯a-
  7. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*flawjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 106