Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ʰr̥náHti

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Of uncertain origin.

Rix derives the verb from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰR̥-né-H-ti ~ *ǵʰR̥-n-H-énti, from *ǵʰeRH- (“to be angry”).^[1]

However, Cheung and Mayrhofer refrain from assigning any etymology.^[2]^[3]

Verb

*ȷ́ʰr̥náHti ~ *ȷ́ʰr̥nHánti

(transitive) to vex, torment
(intransitive) to be angry, upset

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰr̥ṇHtáy (3sg.pres.ind.med.)
- Sanskrit: हृणीते (hṛṇīté)
  - ⇒ Sanskrit: हृणि (hṛṇi), घृणि (ghṛṇi, “anger”) (only in dictionaries)
  - ⇒ Sanskrit: हृणीयते (hṛṇīyate, “be angry”)
Proto-Iranian:
- Avestan: (“to be angry”)
  Old Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬉𐬨𐬁 (zaranaēmā, 1pl.pres.opt.act.)

Related terms

*ȷ́ʰaȷ́ʰr̥HaHnás (perfect middle participle)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: जुहुरान (juhurāná)
- Proto-Iranian:
  - Younger Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬁𐬥𐬀 (zazarāna, ptc.pf.med.)

Unsorted

Proto-Iranian: *járati^[4] (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*?*g̑ʰeRH-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 178
^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*zarH2”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 469
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “HAR^I”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 805
^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*gram-, *gar-m-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 284-286

[LIV_gheRH-1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*?*g̑ʰeRH-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 178

[2] Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*zarH2”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 469

[3] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “HAR^I”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 805

[4] Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*gram-, *gar-m-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 284-286

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