Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/-ā́ćš

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-ḗḱs ~ *-eḱés, possibly borrowed from a substrate language. Cognate with Proto-Hellenic *-ḗks.

Suffix

*-ā́ćš^[1]

animal suffix

Declension

consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ā́ćš	*-aćā́(w)	*-aćás
vocative	*-áć	*-áćā(w)	*-áćas
accusative	*-aćám	*-aćā́(w)	*-aćás
instrumental	*-aćáH	*-aȷ́bʰyā́(m)	*-aȷ́bʰíš
ablative	*-aćás	*-aȷ́bʰyā́(m)	*-aȷ́bʰyáH
dative	*-aćáy	*-aȷ́bʰyā́(m)	*-aȷ́bʰyáH
genitive	*-aćás	*-aćHā́s	*-aćáHam
locative	*-aćí	*-aćHáw	*-aćšú

Descendants

Category Proto-Indo-Iranian nouns suffixed with *-ā́ćš not found

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-aHśás (in *HlawpaHśás (“fox”))
- Sanskrit: -आश (āśá) (in लोपाश (lopāśá, “fox”))
Proto-Iranian: *-aHcáh (in *HrawpaHcáh (“fox”)) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Nuristani: *-ācá (in *mr̥ngācá (“bird”))
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: mřaṅćë́
    
    Kativiri: mřëṅáć
  - Prasuni: maṅćṹ, nĩź
- Southern Nuristani: *nr̥ngācá (assimilation for *mr̥ngācá)
  - Ashkun: niṅasë́
  - Waigali: niṅëćë

References

^ de Vaan, Michael (2000) “The Indo-Iranian animal suffix *-āćá”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 43, number 3, Brill, →JSTOR

[1] Vaan, Michael (2000) “The Indo-Iranian animal suffix *-āćá”, in Indo-Iranian Journal, volume 43, number 3, Brill, →JSTOR

[1]