Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/-tamas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-tm̥mos.

Suffix

*-tamas

  1. absolute superlative adjectival suffix.

Declension

Thematic
masculine feminine
nominative *-tamas *-tamaH
genitive *-tamasya *-tamaHs
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *-tamas *-tamaH *-tamās
vocative *-tama *-tamaH *-tamās
accusative *-tamam *-tamaH *-tamans
genitive *-tamasya *? *-tamām
ablative *-tamāt *? *-tamamas
dative *-tamāy *? *-tamamas
locative *-tamay *? *-tamayšu
instrumental *-tamaH *? *-tamāš
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *-tamaH *-tamaH(a) *-tamaHas
vocative *-tamaH *-tamaH(a) *-tamaHas
accusative *-tamaHa *-tamaH(a) *-tamaHas
genitive *-tamaHs *? *-tamaHaHam
ablative *-tamaHs *? *-tamaHmas
dative *-tamaHay *? *-tamaHmas
locative *-tamaH, *-tamaHi *? *-tamaHsu
instrumental *-tamaHH *? *-tamaHbʰi
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *-tamam *-tamay(H) *-tamaH
vocative *-tamam *-tamay(H) *-tamaH
accusative *-tamam *-tamay(H) *-tamaH
genitive *-tamasya *? *-tamām
ablative *-tamāt *? *-tamamas
dative *-tamāy *? *-tamamas
locative *-tamay *? *-tamayšu
instrumental *-tamaH *? *-tamāš
  • *-taras

Descendants

Category Proto-Indo-Iranian adjectives suffixed with *-tamas not found
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-tamas
  • Proto-Iranian: *-tamah
    • Avestan: -𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬀 (-təma)
    • Old Persian: [script needed] (-tama)
      • Middle Persian: -twm (-tom)