Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hásuš

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁és-u-s ~ *h₁s-éw-s (“existence”), from *h₁es- (“to be”) +‎ *-us.^[1]^[2]

Noun

*Hásuš m^[2]

life, existence, being

Inflection

masculine u-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hásuš	*HásuH	*Hásawas
vocative	*Hásaw	*HásuH	*Hásawas
accusative	*Hásum	*HásuH	*Hásunš
instrumental	*HásuH	*Hásubʰyā(m)	*Hásubʰiš
ablative	*Hásawš	*Hásubʰyā(m)	*Hásubʰyas
dative	*Hásaway	*Hásubʰyā(m)	*Hásubʰyas
genitive	*Hásawš	*Hásuwās	*HásuHnaHam
locative	*Hásāw	*Hásuwaw	*Hásušu

Derived terms

*HáswaH
- Proto-Iranian: *HáhwaH
  - Old Avestan: 𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬵𐬏 (ahuuāhū, “being, life”, loc.pl.)
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬁 (aŋhuuā)

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hásuṣ
- Sanskrit: असु (ásu), असुष् (ásuṣ, nom.sg.)
Proto-Iranian: *Háhuš
- Avestan: 𐬀𐬵𐬎 (ahu, “life, existence”)
- Early Middle Persian: (“existence, life; mind”)
  Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾhw' /⁠axʷ⁠/)
  - Late Middle Persian:
    Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫇𐫟 (ʾwx /⁠ōx⁠/)
- Sogdian: (“heart, mind”)
  Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫇𐫟 (ʾwx /⁠ux⁠/), 𐫀𐫇𐫟𐫏 (ʾwxy /⁠uxē⁠/)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥s-u-s,^[3] from *h₂ems- (“to give birth, beget”). Related to *Hásuras.

Noun

*Hásuš m

lord

Inflection

masculine u-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hásuš	*HásuH	*Hásawas
vocative	*Hásaw	*HásuH	*Hásawas
accusative	*Hásum	*HásuH	*Hásunš
instrumental	*HásuH	*Hásubʰyā(m)	*Hásubʰiš
ablative	*Hásawš	*Hásubʰyā(m)	*Hásubʰyas
dative	*Hásaway	*Hásubʰyā(m)	*Hásubʰyas
genitive	*Hásawš	*Hásuwās	*HásuHnaHam
locative	*Hásāw	*Hásuwaw	*Hásušu

Descendants

Proto-Iranian: *Hahuš^[4]
- Old Avestan: 𐬀𐬵𐬎 (ahu, “lord”)
  - Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬎 (aŋhu)

References

^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 235
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “ásu”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 66-67
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ansu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 30: “*h₂ms-u-”
^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 101-102

[1] Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 235

[IAIL-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “ásu”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 66-67

[3] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*ansu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 30: “*h₂ms-u-”

[ESIJa-4] Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 101-102

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]