Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/(w)ŕ̥šā

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā.

    Noun

    *(w)ŕ̥šā[1][2] ~ *(w)r̥šnáh[1] m

    1. virile man
    2. male animal

    Inflection

    consonant stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative *(w)ŕ̥šā *(w)ŕ̥šanā(w) *(w)ŕ̥šanah
    vocative *(w)ŕ̥šan *(w)ŕ̥šanā(w) *(w)ŕ̥šanah
    accusative *(w)ŕ̥šanam *(w)ŕ̥šanā(w) *(w)ŕ̥šnah
    instrumental *(w)ŕ̥šnaH *(w)ŕ̥šabʰyā(m) *(w)ŕ̥šabʰiš
    ablative *(w)ŕ̥šnah *(w)ŕ̥šabʰyā(m) *(w)ŕ̥šabʰyaH
    dative *(w)ŕ̥šnay *(w)ŕ̥šabʰyā(m) *(w)ŕ̥šabʰyaH
    genitive *(w)ŕ̥šnah *(w)ŕ̥šaHāh *(w)ŕ̥šnaHam
    locative *(w)ŕ̥šani *(w)ŕ̥šaHaw *(w)ŕ̥šahu

    Descendants

    • Central Iranian:
      • Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬥𐬀 (varəšna), 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬱𐬀𐬥 (arəšan, “man”)
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Proto-Scythian: *wuršā
        • Proto-Sarmatian: *wurš m
          • Alanic: *wurš
            • Ossetian: (“stallion”)
              Digor Ossetian: уырс (wyrs)
              Iron Ossetian: урс (urs)
        • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *wuṣ̌a
          • Khotanese: [script needed] (buṇū, “penis”)
          • Wakhi: γəṣ̌, γ̌əṣ̌ (“male”)
          • Wakhi: wəšəng (“bull”)
      • Sogdo-Bactrian:
        • Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊 (ʾwšn, “stallion”)
          • ⇒ Khwarezmian: 𐼀𐼇𐼙𐼎𐼊𐼕𐼊𐼋 (ʾwšnycyk, “young bull”)
        • Sogdian: 𐼴𐽁𐼻 (wšn /⁠wašn, w(i)šn⁠/, “man”)
    • Southeastern Iranian:
      • Pashto: وز (wuz, “goat”)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *wurnæ
        • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami: *wurn
          • Vanji: wurom (“stallion”)
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Old Persian: *(w)r̥šā
        • Middle Persian:
          Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšn' /⁠gušn⁠/)
          • Persian: گشن (gošn, “male”)
          • → Classical Syriac: ܐܘܫܢܐ (ˀwšnˀ /⁠ˀōšnā⁠/, “stallion, stud”)
        • → Ancient Greek: Ἀρσής (Arsḗs)

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cheung, Johnny (2002) Studies in the Historical Development of the Ossetic Vocalism (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN, page 127: “*uršna-, *urša-”
    2. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*aršan- : aršn- : *r̥šan-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 227-228
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