Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/kacyápah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *kaćyápas. Cognate with Sanskrit कश्यप (kaśyápa).

    Noun

    *kacyápah m[1]

    1. tortoise, turtle

    Inflection

    masculine a-stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative *kacyápah *kacyápā(w) *kacyápāh(ah)
    vocative *kacyápa *kacyápā(w) *kacyápāh(ah)
    accusative *kacyápam *kacyápā(w) *kacyápānh
    instrumental *kacyápaH *kacyápaybʰyā(m) *kacyápāyš
    ablative *kacyápāt *kacyápaybʰyā(m) *kacyápaybʰyah
    dative *kacyápāy *kacyápaybʰyā(m) *kacyápaybʰyah
    genitive *kacyápahya *kacyápayāh *kacyápānaHam
    locative *kacyápay *kacyápayaw *kacyápayšu

    Descendants

    • Central Iranian:
      • Younger Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬞𐬀 (kasiiapa)
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (khuysaa)
      • Sogdian: [script needed] (kyšph /⁠kiš(a)p⁠/)
      • Ossetian: хӕфс (xæfs) / хӕфсӕ (xæfsæ)[2]
    • Southeastern Iranian:
      • Parachi: kasabaka
      • Pashto: کشپ (kišáb, kašáb), کيشپ (kišë́p), کيشو (kišáw)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Baluchi: [script needed] (kāsip), [script needed] (kāsib)
      • Kurdish:
        Central Kurdish: کیسەڵ (kîsell), کێسەڵ (kêsell)
        Northern Kurdish: kîsel, kîso, kusî, kûsî, kûsel, kûso
        Southern Kurdish: کەسا (kesa), کیسەڵ (kîsell)
        Laki: کەسەڵ (kesell)
      • Southern Tati: [Term?] (kasuya), [Term?] (kasawa)
      • Zaza-Gorani:
        Gurani: کیسەڵی (kīsałī)
        Zazaki: kesa
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Middle Persian:
        Book Pahlavi: [script needed] (kšwk /⁠kašawag⁠/)
        • Classical Persian: کشف (kašaf)
      • Lurish:
        • Northern Luri: کؽسںل (kısəl)

    References

    1. ^ Cathcart, Chundra Aroor (2015) Iranian Dialectology and Dialectometry (PhD dissertation)‎[1], Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley, page 135
    2. ^ Abajev, V. I. (1989) Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 162–163
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