Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/rúxš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Alternative reconstructions

*r̥fš,^[1] *rucā^[2]

Etymology

Uncertain; probably from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rúkš (compare Wakhi ruxnyirk (“white barley”)), from Proto-Indo-European *léwk-s ~ *luk-és (“something bright, white”), from *lewk- (“to shine”) +‎ *-s.

Noun

*rúxš f

barley

Inflection

consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rúxš	*rúčā(w)	*rúčah
vocative	*rúč	*rúčā(w)	*rúčah
accusative	*rúčam	*rúčā(w)	*ručáh
instrumental	*ručáH	*rugbʰyā́(m)	*rugbʰíš
ablative	*ručáh	*rugbʰyā́(m)	*rugbʰyáH
dative	*ručáy	*rugbʰyā́(m)	*rugbʰyáH
genitive	*ručáh	*ručHā́h	*ručáHam
locative	*rúči	*ručHáw	*ruxšú

Descendants

Northeastern Iranian:
- Khwarezmian: 𐿂𐾺𐾿 (rys), 𐿂𐾿𐾺 (rsy)
- Proto-Scythian: *ruxšā (+ *-ā (feminine suffix))
  - Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *ruhšā
    - Khotanese: [script needed] (rrusā)

References

^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) “orb'əša”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad: “*rbs”
^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2017) “Agricultural terms in Indo-Iranian”, in Language Dispersal Beyond Farming‎^[1], Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company

[1] Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) “orb'əša”, in An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad: “*rbs”

[2] Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2017) “Agricultural terms in Indo-Iranian”, in Language Dispersal Beyond Farming‎^[1], Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company

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