Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kelnō
Proto-Italic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to rise”), via either:[1]
- A nasal present *kl̥-né-H-ti ~ *kl̥-n-H-énti?
- A dental present *kelH-dʰh₁eti?
Verb
*kelnō
- to rise
Conjugation
| Inflection of *kelnō (third conjugation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *kelnō | |
| Perfect | *kekolai | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *kelssos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *kelnō | *kelnōr |
| 2nd sing. | *kelnes | *kelnezo |
| 3rd sing. | *kelnet | *kelnetor |
| 1st plur. | *kelnomos | *kelnomor |
| 2nd plur. | *kelnetes | *kelnem(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *kelnont | *kelnontor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *kelnām | *kelnār |
| 2nd sing. | *kelnās | *kelnāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *kelnād | *kelnātor |
| 1st plur. | *kelnāmos | *kelnāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *kelnātes | *kelnām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *kelnānd | *kelnāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | *kekolai | |
| 2nd sing. | *kekolistai? | |
| 3rd sing. | *kekolei | |
| 1st plur. | *kekolme? | |
| 2nd plur. | *kekole | |
| 3rd plur. | *kekolēri | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *kelne | *kelnezo |
| 2nd plur. | *kelnete | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *kelnetōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *kelnents | *kelssos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *kelssum | *kelnezi | |
Derived terms
- *eks-kelnō
- Latin: excellō (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ South Picene: 𐌄𐌟𐌄𐌋𐌔𐌉𐌕 (eśelsit, “they erect”, 3pl. pres.) (derivative of past participle)
Descendants
References
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 173