Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/proβwāō

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

From *proβwos (“correct, proper”) +‎ *-āō (factitive deadjectival suffix).^[1]

Verb

*proβwāō

to approve

Conjugation

Inflection of *proβwāō (first conjugation)
Present	*proβwāō
Perfect	—
Aorist	—
Past participle	*proβwātos
Present indicative	Active	Passive
1st sing.	*proβwāō	*proβwāōr
2nd sing.	*proβwās	*proβwāzo
3rd sing.	*proβwāt	*proβwātor
1st plur.	*proβwāmos	*proβwāmor
2nd plur.	*proβwātes	*proβwām(e?)n(ai?)
3rd plur.	*proβwānt	*proβwāntor

Present subjunctive	Active	Passive
1st sing.	*proβwāēm?	*proβwāēr?
2nd sing.	*proβwāēs?	*proβwāēzo?
3rd sing.	*proβwāēd?	*proβwāētor?
1st plur.	*proβwāēmos?	*proβwāēmor?
2nd plur.	*proβwāētes?	*proβwāēm(e?)n(ai?)?
3rd plur.	*proβwāēnd?	*proβwāēntor?

Perfect indicative	Active
1st sing.	—
2nd sing.	—
3rd sing.	—
1st plur.	—
2nd plur.	—
3rd plur.	—

Aorist indicative	Active
1st sing.	—
2nd sing.	—
3rd sing.	—
1st plur.	—
2nd plur.	—
3rd plur.	—

Present imperative	Active	Passive
2nd sing.	*proβwā	*proβwāzo
2nd plur.	*proβwāte	—

Future imperative	Active
2nd + 3rd sing.	*proβwātōd

Participles	Present	Past
	*proβwānts	*proβwātos

Verbal nouns	tu-derivative	s-derivative
	*proβwātum	*proβwāzi

Reconstruction notes

*w was lost early in Italic after labial obstruents,^[1] resulting in a by-form *proβāō.^[2]

Descendants

Latin: probō (see there for further descendants)
Oscan: 𐌐𐌓𐌞𐌚𐌀𐌕𐌕𐌄𐌃 (prúfatted, perf. 3sg.)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “prō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 489-90: “probus”
^ Benjamin W. Fortson IV (2017) “The dialectology of Italic”, in Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, and Jared Klein, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics, De Gruyter

[EDL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “prō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 489-90: “probus”

[2] Benjamin W. Fortson IV (2017) “The dialectology of Italic”, in Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, and Jared Klein, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics, De Gruyter

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[2]