Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/mat-

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Japonic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Accent class: 2.4a

Noun

*mat-

pine, pine tree

Descendants

Old Japanese: 松 (matu)
- Japanese: 松 (matsu, Heian LH,^[1] Tokyo 1 [HL(L)], Kyoto 1 [LH ~ LL(H)], Kagoshima B [LH(L)]^[2])
Proto-Ryukyuan: *matu (tone class C)
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 松 (matu)
  - Kunigami: 松 (machi /⁠mátɕì⁠/)
  - ⇒ Northern Amami Ōshima: 松木 (matsïgï)
  - Okinawan: 松 (mātsi /⁠màːtsì⁠/)
  - ⇒ Okinoerabu: 松木 (machigi /⁠màtɕígí⁠/)
  - Southern Amami Ōshima: 松 (mat /⁠mát̩⁠/)
  - ⇒ Tokunoshima: 松木 (matsïgï /⁠mátsɨ̀gɨ̀⁠/)
  - ⇒ Yoron: 松木 (machigi /⁠mátɕígí⁠/)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 松 (matsï)
  - Yaeyama: 松 (matsï /⁠mátsɨ́⁠/)
  - Yonaguni: 松 (machi /⁠màtɕî⁠/)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Accent class: L-^[3]

Verb

*mat- (infinitive *mati)

to wait

Descendants

Old Japanese: 待 (matu)
- Japanese: 待つ (matsu)
Proto-Ryukyuan: *mati
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 待ちゅい (machui)
  - Kunigami: 待ち゚ゅん (macun)
  - Northern Amami Ōshima: 待と゚ぅり (maθuri)
  - Okinawan: 待ちゅん (machun)
  - Okinoerabu: 待っちゅん (matchun)
  - Southern Amami Ōshima: 待ちゅむっ (machum)
  - Tokunoshima: 待つぃ (matsi)
  - Yoron: 待ちゅん (machun)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 待つ (matsï)
  - Yaeyama: 待ちゅん (machun)
  - Yonaguni: 待とぅん (matun)

References

^ “まつ【松】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
^ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
^ Samuel E. Martin (1987) “matu”, in The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 721

[KDJ2O-1] “まつ【松】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

[ZAJ-2] Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[JLTT-3] Samuel E. Martin (1987) “matu”, in The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 721

[1]

[2]

[3]